NON-INVASIVE HORMONE ANALYSIS

Determination of steroid hormones in whale blow: It is possible

Determination of testosterone in saliva and blow of bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.

Urinary cortisol sampling: A non-invasive technique for examining cortisol concentrations in the Weddell seal, Leptonychotes weddellii

Measuring Stress in Antarctic Seals

Faecal testosterone concentrations and the acoustic behavior of two captive male Australian fur seals

Photo of manned wolf urinating on tree by Jonathan Wilkins